Application Research of IPv6 in Optical Communication Networks
With the development of network technology and the popularization of network applications, the requirements for network security are getting higher and higher. The current version of the IP protocol has been unable to meet people's needs, so a new generation of Internet has emerged. This article describes the application of IPv6 in optical communication networks and some related discussions and research.
Compared to IPv4, IPv6 has the following features, these features can be referred to as the advantages of IPv6: simplified header and flexible extension, hierarchical address structure, plug-in and playback network, authentication and encryption network layer, quality satisfactory service To better support mobile communications. With the expansion of the scope of application at the same time, it faces an ever-growing crisis that cannot be ignored. IPv6 is to solve some of the existing problems and the shortcomings of existing IPv4, and many ways to improve, such as routing, automatic configuration. After a long period of coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6, IPv6 will completely replace the IPv4's ultimate dominant interconnection network.
1 Status of IPv6 technology development <br> <br> international organizations in developing IPv6 standards, the IPv6 protocol by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) developed, ITU is considering IPv6 protocol in the application of telecommunication networks, 3GPP organization responsible for IPv6 in 3G core network and 3G terminal applications. The process of the IPv6 protocol is completed by the IETF's organization.
1.1 Technical Advantages of IPv6 Currently, IPv4 uses 32-bit address lengths, about 4.3 billion addresses, and will be allocated in 2010 to 2012, while IPv6 uses 128-bit address lengths to negate the unlimited addresses and have sufficient addresses. Resources. The abundance of addresses will be completely removed in IPv4 Internet applications with many restrictions, such as IP addresses, every phone, every charged thing can have an IP address, and a family that truly forms a digital home. The technical advantages of IPv6 currently solve the problems of the IPv4 Internet to a certain degree, which is one of the important driving forces for the evolution of IPv4 to IPv6.
1.2 IPv6 key technologies (1) IPv6 DNS technology. DNS is the architecture of IPv6 networks and IPv4 DNS and is the co-owner of a unified tree-like domain name space. During the evolution from IPv4 to IPv6, the domain name being accessed may correspond to multiple IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. With the popularity of IPv6 networks in the future, IPv6 addresses will gradually replace IPv4 addresses.
(2) IPv6 routing technology. IPv6 route lookup is the same as the principle of IPv4 and is the longest address matching principle. Selecting the optimal route also allows address filtering, aggregation, and injection operations. The original IPv4IGP and BGP routing technologies, such as ISIS, OSPFv2, and BGP-4 dynamic routing protocols continue to be used in IPv6 networks, and use the new IPv6 protocol. The new versions are ISISv6, OSPFv3, and BGP4+.
(3) IPv6 security technology. Compared with IPv4, IPv6 does not have new security technologies, but more IPv6 protocols use 128-byte IP packet header packets, ICMP address resolution, and other security mechanisms to improve the security of the network. From the perspective of key technologies of IPv6, the reform of the Internet system of IPv6 and IPv4 focuses on correcting the shortcomings of IPv4. In the past, in the process of processing, consulting services for the massive wave of IPv4 updates in different data streams. IPv6 will further improve the structure and performance of the Internet, so it can meet the needs of the modern society.
2, IPv6 in optical network applications <br> <br> With the rapid development of Internet, voice IP packet-switched data networks increasingly strong. Network technology IP data packets have become the main direction of communication network evolution. The words “EverythingoverIP†and “IPoverEverything†have appeared. In this case, the concept of next-generation network, our goal is a unified management platform to realize various data. The transmission and management of signals provides a variety of data applications and communication services to achieve a truly integrated network.The backbone transmission network, IPv6 and optical communications combined with intelligent optical network technology form the core of the next-generation transmission network.
2.1 The application of IPv6 streaming media transmission has the following main meanings:
(1) address capacity to quickly solve problems, optimize the structure of the address, in order to improve routing efficiency, improve data throughput, to accommodate the needs of a large number of information transmission streaming media communications;
(2) QoS is the consideration of IPv6's maximum change in IPv4, and various multimedia information of IPv6 is based on emergency and service classes to determine the priority of data packets;
(3) The function of IPv6 enhanced multicast is to realize the performance of large-scale network video conferences based on multicast protection and high-definition television broadcasting applications. This is a typical application of high-bandwidth, high-performance next-generation Internet support. , with the characteristics of technical cooperation;
(4) Ipv6 must use the required Ipsec to ensure the security of the network. 2.1 IPv6 Protocol and Optical Communication Technology Integration The IPv6 technology and optical communication network technology are the core technologies of the next-generation network. The convergence of these two technologies has become the basic trend of the next-generation optical Internet technology development. The integration of the two is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: (1) integration at the service level; (2) integration at the network level; and (3) integration at the node level.
GMPLS technology is one of the hot spots in the study of Internet network technology. It is a unified control framework of the IETF, and proposes future network modes (similar to the original ATMITU). However, GMPLS technology is an evolutionary link. The result is network technology and convergence, which reflects the integration of packet switching and circuit-switched transmission technologies and switching technologies. With the advancement of processing technologies for light absorption layers, small particle size services can be implemented in the optical domain, combing, switching routes, and of course, large-wavelength-sized particles and small-particle-size packets can coexist. The forwarding plane and the forwarding plane form a multi-granularity of the hierarchical structure. Shown in the IP layer and the optical layer control plane are unified cross-layer resource discovery, coordination and control mechanisms, unified traffic engineering, and integration of protection and restoration mechanisms. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a management protocol of the public IP layer. Proper extension of the MIB library of the optical layer can realize unified management under the SNMP framework and truly the entire network.
2.2 Intelligent Optical Network Technology In order to meet the development of IP broadband data services and Internet services and the emerging 3G services, improve the reliability, flexibility and real-time of the network, intelligent optical network solutions have emerged, which has become an active research for operators. technology. In order to complete the connected network bandwidth allocation and scheduling function, the intelligent optical network technology can automatically and dynamically change according to the customer layer such as IP data traffic. Therefore, intelligent optical networks have become the transmission network for the next phase of development. At present, the mainstream direction of the intelligent optical network represented by ASON is automatically switched. The introduction of the intelligent optical network has profoundly changed the original network structure of the transmission network, and the network evolves from a 2-layer plane to a 3-plane network:
(1) Control plane: includes various interfaces, functional modules, and signaling-transmitting networks. It implements optical network topology information through the use of interfaces, protocols, and signaling systems. Routing protocol information and other control signaling enable the transmission plane to complete. Connection to the end;
(2) Transport plane: includes transmission network elements (optical switching and transmission links) that carry all switching and connection entities;
(3) Management plane: It is the performance of network and business management, distribution and intelligent functions. Network resources of the management plane and control plane, such as performance monitoring, fault management, and path planning, are dynamically configured with complementary functions. The core of the intelligent optical network is the traditional human control plane technology for transmission network solutions, signaling and routing protocols, connection management, and connection control circuits. No manual intervention is required to create or delete optical channels through signaling systems or self-management planes. Defined, dynamic circuit scheduling is implemented. The wisdom and vitality of a high-level intelligent optical network control plane is an unprecedented revolution in the development of transmission networks, bringing with it some new features and characteristics to traditional transmission networks.
2.3 Optical Internet The optical internet (optiCal Internet) is the operation of optical networks (WDM). The optical Internet is the establishment of an all-optical backbone network service or is directly connected to the 1P layer and the transport layer. Through this optical link, data services can be packaged and transmitted more efficiently, which helps to save costs and improve transmission bandwidth. The IP service and delivery of SONET equipment require optical regeneration mechanisms and statistical multiplexing of DWDM systems, resulting in a three-tier network consisting of the complex structure of the business layer design, the business layer, the SONET layer, and the physical layer, because the data does not have to satisfy The need to expand business explosively in the future will have to retire from the stage of history. The optical Internet service layer will be directly linked to no transport layer, transport layer, or any other device. In this connection mode, data packet transmission is achieved through the entire optical backbone. This all-optical transmission system, with improved bandwidth management and channel recovery capabilities, greatly simplifies the remote backbone network. The business layer and optical layer between the opto-electronic SONET layers are no longer needed, eliminating the need for electrical regenerators and add/drop multiplexing. These remote backbone networks are the most expensive part.
3. Conclusion With the continuous development of the society and the development of Internet services, especially in the Internet of Things, the consumption of IP addresses is gradually intensifying, and the evolution of operators' networks to IPv6 is an inevitable trend. Operators should carry out appropriate technical tests based on further strengthening the close cooperation and all aspects of the industry, and realize the smooth evolution of the existing IPv4 Internet to IPv6 next-generation Internet.
Compared to IPv4, IPv6 has the following features, these features can be referred to as the advantages of IPv6: simplified header and flexible extension, hierarchical address structure, plug-in and playback network, authentication and encryption network layer, quality satisfactory service To better support mobile communications. With the expansion of the scope of application at the same time, it faces an ever-growing crisis that cannot be ignored. IPv6 is to solve some of the existing problems and the shortcomings of existing IPv4, and many ways to improve, such as routing, automatic configuration. After a long period of coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6, IPv6 will completely replace the IPv4's ultimate dominant interconnection network.
1 Status of IPv6 technology development <br> <br> international organizations in developing IPv6 standards, the IPv6 protocol by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) developed, ITU is considering IPv6 protocol in the application of telecommunication networks, 3GPP organization responsible for IPv6 in 3G core network and 3G terminal applications. The process of the IPv6 protocol is completed by the IETF's organization.
1.1 Technical Advantages of IPv6 Currently, IPv4 uses 32-bit address lengths, about 4.3 billion addresses, and will be allocated in 2010 to 2012, while IPv6 uses 128-bit address lengths to negate the unlimited addresses and have sufficient addresses. Resources. The abundance of addresses will be completely removed in IPv4 Internet applications with many restrictions, such as IP addresses, every phone, every charged thing can have an IP address, and a family that truly forms a digital home. The technical advantages of IPv6 currently solve the problems of the IPv4 Internet to a certain degree, which is one of the important driving forces for the evolution of IPv4 to IPv6.
1.2 IPv6 key technologies (1) IPv6 DNS technology. DNS is the architecture of IPv6 networks and IPv4 DNS and is the co-owner of a unified tree-like domain name space. During the evolution from IPv4 to IPv6, the domain name being accessed may correspond to multiple IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. With the popularity of IPv6 networks in the future, IPv6 addresses will gradually replace IPv4 addresses.
(2) IPv6 routing technology. IPv6 route lookup is the same as the principle of IPv4 and is the longest address matching principle. Selecting the optimal route also allows address filtering, aggregation, and injection operations. The original IPv4IGP and BGP routing technologies, such as ISIS, OSPFv2, and BGP-4 dynamic routing protocols continue to be used in IPv6 networks, and use the new IPv6 protocol. The new versions are ISISv6, OSPFv3, and BGP4+.
(3) IPv6 security technology. Compared with IPv4, IPv6 does not have new security technologies, but more IPv6 protocols use 128-byte IP packet header packets, ICMP address resolution, and other security mechanisms to improve the security of the network. From the perspective of key technologies of IPv6, the reform of the Internet system of IPv6 and IPv4 focuses on correcting the shortcomings of IPv4. In the past, in the process of processing, consulting services for the massive wave of IPv4 updates in different data streams. IPv6 will further improve the structure and performance of the Internet, so it can meet the needs of the modern society.
2, IPv6 in optical network applications <br> <br> With the rapid development of Internet, voice IP packet-switched data networks increasingly strong. Network technology IP data packets have become the main direction of communication network evolution. The words “EverythingoverIP†and “IPoverEverything†have appeared. In this case, the concept of next-generation network, our goal is a unified management platform to realize various data. The transmission and management of signals provides a variety of data applications and communication services to achieve a truly integrated network.The backbone transmission network, IPv6 and optical communications combined with intelligent optical network technology form the core of the next-generation transmission network.
2.1 The application of IPv6 streaming media transmission has the following main meanings:
(1) address capacity to quickly solve problems, optimize the structure of the address, in order to improve routing efficiency, improve data throughput, to accommodate the needs of a large number of information transmission streaming media communications;
(2) QoS is the consideration of IPv6's maximum change in IPv4, and various multimedia information of IPv6 is based on emergency and service classes to determine the priority of data packets;
(3) The function of IPv6 enhanced multicast is to realize the performance of large-scale network video conferences based on multicast protection and high-definition television broadcasting applications. This is a typical application of high-bandwidth, high-performance next-generation Internet support. , with the characteristics of technical cooperation;
(4) Ipv6 must use the required Ipsec to ensure the security of the network. 2.1 IPv6 Protocol and Optical Communication Technology Integration The IPv6 technology and optical communication network technology are the core technologies of the next-generation network. The convergence of these two technologies has become the basic trend of the next-generation optical Internet technology development. The integration of the two is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: (1) integration at the service level; (2) integration at the network level; and (3) integration at the node level.
GMPLS technology is one of the hot spots in the study of Internet network technology. It is a unified control framework of the IETF, and proposes future network modes (similar to the original ATMITU). However, GMPLS technology is an evolutionary link. The result is network technology and convergence, which reflects the integration of packet switching and circuit-switched transmission technologies and switching technologies. With the advancement of processing technologies for light absorption layers, small particle size services can be implemented in the optical domain, combing, switching routes, and of course, large-wavelength-sized particles and small-particle-size packets can coexist. The forwarding plane and the forwarding plane form a multi-granularity of the hierarchical structure. Shown in the IP layer and the optical layer control plane are unified cross-layer resource discovery, coordination and control mechanisms, unified traffic engineering, and integration of protection and restoration mechanisms. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a management protocol of the public IP layer. Proper extension of the MIB library of the optical layer can realize unified management under the SNMP framework and truly the entire network.
2.2 Intelligent Optical Network Technology In order to meet the development of IP broadband data services and Internet services and the emerging 3G services, improve the reliability, flexibility and real-time of the network, intelligent optical network solutions have emerged, which has become an active research for operators. technology. In order to complete the connected network bandwidth allocation and scheduling function, the intelligent optical network technology can automatically and dynamically change according to the customer layer such as IP data traffic. Therefore, intelligent optical networks have become the transmission network for the next phase of development. At present, the mainstream direction of the intelligent optical network represented by ASON is automatically switched. The introduction of the intelligent optical network has profoundly changed the original network structure of the transmission network, and the network evolves from a 2-layer plane to a 3-plane network:
(1) Control plane: includes various interfaces, functional modules, and signaling-transmitting networks. It implements optical network topology information through the use of interfaces, protocols, and signaling systems. Routing protocol information and other control signaling enable the transmission plane to complete. Connection to the end;
(2) Transport plane: includes transmission network elements (optical switching and transmission links) that carry all switching and connection entities;
(3) Management plane: It is the performance of network and business management, distribution and intelligent functions. Network resources of the management plane and control plane, such as performance monitoring, fault management, and path planning, are dynamically configured with complementary functions. The core of the intelligent optical network is the traditional human control plane technology for transmission network solutions, signaling and routing protocols, connection management, and connection control circuits. No manual intervention is required to create or delete optical channels through signaling systems or self-management planes. Defined, dynamic circuit scheduling is implemented. The wisdom and vitality of a high-level intelligent optical network control plane is an unprecedented revolution in the development of transmission networks, bringing with it some new features and characteristics to traditional transmission networks.
2.3 Optical Internet The optical internet (optiCal Internet) is the operation of optical networks (WDM). The optical Internet is the establishment of an all-optical backbone network service or is directly connected to the 1P layer and the transport layer. Through this optical link, data services can be packaged and transmitted more efficiently, which helps to save costs and improve transmission bandwidth. The IP service and delivery of SONET equipment require optical regeneration mechanisms and statistical multiplexing of DWDM systems, resulting in a three-tier network consisting of the complex structure of the business layer design, the business layer, the SONET layer, and the physical layer, because the data does not have to satisfy The need to expand business explosively in the future will have to retire from the stage of history. The optical Internet service layer will be directly linked to no transport layer, transport layer, or any other device. In this connection mode, data packet transmission is achieved through the entire optical backbone. This all-optical transmission system, with improved bandwidth management and channel recovery capabilities, greatly simplifies the remote backbone network. The business layer and optical layer between the opto-electronic SONET layers are no longer needed, eliminating the need for electrical regenerators and add/drop multiplexing. These remote backbone networks are the most expensive part.
3. Conclusion With the continuous development of the society and the development of Internet services, especially in the Internet of Things, the consumption of IP addresses is gradually intensifying, and the evolution of operators' networks to IPv6 is an inevitable trend. Operators should carry out appropriate technical tests based on further strengthening the close cooperation and all aspects of the industry, and realize the smooth evolution of the existing IPv4 Internet to IPv6 next-generation Internet.
Electric Chain Saw,Hand Held Chain Saw,Lithium Battery Electric Saw,Electric Cordless Chainsaw
Dtmade Manufacturing Co., LTD , https://www.dtmade.com