Up knowledge: the most complete LED industry chain

LED is the abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode. Chinese is a light-emitting diode. It is a semiconductor device that can convert electrical energy into light energy. The core of the LED is a chip consisting of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor. There is a pn (a) LED between the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor. 1. LED Basic Introduction LED is an abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode. A light emitting diode is a semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light energy. The core of the LED is a chip consisting of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor. There is a pn junction between the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor. When the injected minority carriers are combined with the majority carriers, they will be redundant. Energy is released in the form of light, which converts electrical energy into light energy. Different materials of the chip can emit red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple and other different colors of light, LEDs are also named. Compared with traditional lighting, LED has obvious advantages in energy saving and is the world's most advanced lighting technology. It is considered by the industry to be one of the great inventions of human beings after Edison invented incandescent bulbs. Another major feature of LEDs is environmental protection. LEDs are solid-state light-emitting devices that do not contain mercury and are not contaminated by toxic metals due to cracking during production and use. 2, LED application field and its classification In the global energy crisis environment, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, colorful, safe, long life, miniaturized semiconductor LED lighting has been recognized by the world as the third lighting revolution in the history of human lighting. With the improvement of LED technology, its application fields are expanding and extending, and it is widely used in LCD backlights, general lighting, signal display, signal lights and automotive lamps. 3, LED package and its product classification LED package refers to the process of encapsulating LED chips and brackets with epoxy or silicone materials. Specifically, the LED chip and other components are arranged, fixed and connected on the bracket or the substrate, the terminal is led out, and the terminal is assembled and fixed by the plastic transparent insulating medium to form a whole three-dimensional structure, which is a normal operation of the chip. Provide protection and heat dissipation. At present, the types of LED devices are mainly in-line type (Lamp) and surface mount type (SMD). Among them, SMD type products have many unique excellent characteristics compared with Lamp type products, such as high assembly density and electronic products. Small size, light weight, saving materials, energy, equipment, manpower, time, etc. The concrete manifestations are as follows: (1) Low solder joint defect rate, good high frequency characteristics, reduced electromagnetic and radio frequency interference; (2) high reliability and strong anti-vibration capability; (3) easy to realize automation, improve production efficiency and reduce cost Up to 30% 50%; (4) The size and weight of the patch assembly is only about 1/10 of that of the conventional cartridge assembly. After SMT is generally used, the volume of the electronic product is reduced by 40% and 60%, and the weight is reduced by 60% and 80%. Currently, SMD LEDs are mainly used in backlights, lighting and other fields. Differentiated from the package form, SMD LED products include Chip class, Top class, Sideview class and high power products. Among them, TOP class, Sideview class and high power products are mainly white light and high brightness, and the main application field is backlight (such as : mobile phones, computers and other fields) and lighting (such as: indoor lighting, outdoor lighting, etc.), therefore, the specific products of SMD high-end packaging are usually TOP products, Sideview products and high-power products, which are characterized by white light and high Bright product. The domestic in-line device market has been basically saturated, and profits have been declining year by year. The competition for SMD low-end devices has become increasingly day-to-day. The production capacity of high-end devices in SMD is gradually released, and product prices have changed greatly. 4, LED according to the color classification and its application LED belongs to the category of semiconductor optoelectronic devices, according to the color of the light is divided into monochromatic LED, full-color LED and white LED. Among them, white LEDs are mainly used in the field of backlighting and lighting, and are widely used. The classification and application fields of various color LEDs are as follows: With the improvement of the luminous efficiency of white LEDs, semiconductor lighting has been widely used in mobile phones, backlights, special lighting and other fields, and is advancing in the field of general lighting. According to the US semiconductor lighting development blueprint (OIDA2002.11) planning (data

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