Cobalt process

At present, the world's cobalt smelting capacity exceeds 30,000 tons per year, most of which comes from copper -cobalt sulfide ore and nickel -copper-cobalt sulfide ore. The production in the Congo ( Gold ) and Zambia countries accounts for about 60%. China's annual output of cobalt is more than 1000t. The main manufacturers are Jinchuan Company and Zhangzhou Cobalt Plant.

Different from the extraction of copper and nickel by fire method, the extraction process of cobalt mostly adopts the wet process. However, due to the different ore sources, the process flow adopted by each manufacturer is quite different. The main processes for cobalt extraction abroad can be divided into:

1. Extracting cobalt from copper-cobalt sulfide ore

After the sulphide ore is calcined and calcined, the sulphuric acid is leached together with the oxidized ore. The leaching solution is electrolyzed to remove copper after iron removal, the electrolysis mother liquid is dehydrated, the aluminum is precipitated with cobalt, and the cobalt slag is re-dissolved to electrolyze cobalt.

2. Extraction of cobalt from by-products of the nickel-copper sulfide ore wet process

A cobalt-containing by-product precipitated in the form of a mixed sulfide, hydroxide or carbonate in a nickel system, obtained by acid leaching or pressurized acid leaching to obtain a cobalt-containing solution, purifying impurities, electrolytically extracting cobalt; or for producing other cobalt products .

Third, cobalt extraction from arsenic and cobalt ore

Blast furnace smelting â†’ pressurized alkali leaching arsenic â†’ sulfuric acid leaching â†’ cobalt extraction;

Pressurized acid leaching â†’ purification â†’ electrolysis.

4. Extracting cobalt from pyrite

Sulfation roastingâ†’leachingâ†’purification and impurity removalâ†’oxidation and hydrolysis of cobaltâ†’reduction meltingâ†’electrolysis

5. Extracting cobalt from oxidized ore (red earth ore)

Sulfate precipitation of red earth ore pressurized acid leaching solution to obtain nickel-cobalt mixed sulfideâ†’ammonia leachingâ†’nickel-cobalt separationâ†’high-pressure hydrogen reduction of cobalt sulfate solutionâ†’cobalt powder.

6. Recovery of cobalt from converter slag

Electric furnace depletion smeltingâ†’Cobalt ice copper converter blowingâ†’Cobalt-rich hydrazine water quenchingâ†’Pressure oxidizing acid leachingâ†’Demineralizationâ†’Solvent extraction separationâ†’Sink cobaltâ†’calcination to produce cobalt oxide.

According to the actual situation of cobalt production in China, the main production process is:

(1) using nickel system cobalt slag as raw material, using reduction dissolutionâ†’iron removalâ†’sinking cobaltâ†’calcinationâ†’reduction smeltingâ†’cobalt anode electrorefining to produce electro-cobalt;

a process for producing cobalt oxide by reduction meltingâ†’iron removalâ†’extraction decontaminationâ†’nickel-cobalt separationâ†’cobalt oxalateâ†’calcination;

Process for producing electro-cobalt by reduction meltingâ†’iron removalâ†’extractionâ†’electrowinning

(2) Using cobalt-sulfur concentrate as raw material, using sulphation roastingâ†’leachingâ†’extractionâ†’electrowinning or cobalt oxide production process.

(3) Using arsenic-cobalt ore as raw material, the process of producing cobalt oxide by oxygen roasting, arsenic removal, leaching, extraction of cobalt, cobalt oxalate, and calcination.

(4) Using water quenched cobalt-rich strontium as raw material, using oxygen pressure leachingâ†’iron removalâ†’extraction decontaminationâ†’nickel-cobalt separationâ†’sodium oxalate cobaltâ†’calcination to produce cobalt oxide.

(5) using cobalt soil as raw material, using electric furnace smeltingâ†’converter blowingâ†’water quenchingâ†’hydrochloric acid leachingâ†’decontaminationâ†’sinking cobaltâ†’calcination to produce cobalt oxide;

The process of producing refined cobalt oxide by fine grindingâ†’sodium sulfite acid leachingâ†’sulfurization precipitationâ†’cobalt sulfide leachingâ†’iron removalâ†’extraction impurity removal, nickel-cobalt separationâ†’cobalt chloride liquid oxalic acid precipitationâ†’calcination production.

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